Russian forces on Wednesday claimed that they have made minor progress in Eastern Ukraine.?

The update on the Russian war efforts come in the run-up to the first anniversary of the Ukraine War. Russian President Vladimir Putin announced the Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. As the anniversary approaches, there are indications that both Ukrainians and Russians are planning to launch fresh offensives.?

Earlier in September 2022, the Ukrainians launched a counter-offensive in Eastern Ukraine under which they recaptured large swathes of territories held by the Russians for months.?

Despite massive devastation across Ukraine and establishing control in large part of Eastern Ukraine's Donbas region —comprising Luhansk and Donetsk provinces— ?at the beginning of the Ukraine invasion, Russia has failed to fulfil any of its original objectives. It was originally supposed to capture Ukrainian capital Kyiv in weeks. Later, it amended its objectives to "liberate" Eastern Ukraine but that too remains unfulfilled.

Russian progress in Eastern Ukraine

The Russian Defence Ministry on Wednesday said its troops broke through two Ukrainian defensive lines in the eastern Luhansk region and pushed back Ukrainian troops some 3 kilometers (two miles), forcing them to leave behind equipment and the bodies of those killed.

It was not possible to independently verify Moscow's claim. Ukrainian officials made no immediate comment.

Russian artillery, drones, and missiles have been relentlessly pounding Ukrainian-held eastern areas for months, indiscriminately hitting civilian targets and wreaking destruction, as the war largely slowed to a grinding stalemate in the winter. Moscow is hungry for some progress after months of setbacks.

The Donetsk and Luhansk regions, which together make up the industrial Donbas region bordering Russia, continue to bear the brunt of Russia's bombardments as Moscow reportedly moves more troops into the area. In Luhansk, the number of Russian ground and air attacks is “growing every day”, Gov. Serhii Haidai said on Ukrainian TV.

He said, “The Russians were able to transfer new forces for the offensive and now they are trying to overwhelm us with sheer human mass,” Haidai said.

Donetsk Gov. Pavlo Kyrylenko said on Wednesday that one town had come under “nonstop” fire from multiple rocket launchers for over three hours the previous day, damaging at least 12 residential buildings.

Ukraine War close to critical phase: Western officials

With the one-year anniversary of Russia's war approaching, followed by improved spring weather, Western officials and analysts say the fighting could be nearing a critical phase when both sides look to launch offensives.

The Kremlin is striving to secure eastern areas it illegally annexed last September — the Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia regions — and where it claims its rule is welcomed. Pro-Moscow separatists have controlled part of Donetsk and neighboring Luhansk province since 2014.

“The enemy, trying to take full control of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions, continues to focus his main efforts on conducting offensive operations in the Kupiansk, Lyman, Bakhmut, Avdiivka and Shakhtarsk areas,” the Ukrainian military reported, referencing towns in the two provinces as well as on the eastern edge of the neighbouring Kharkiv region.

Amid the fighting, Ukrainian Red Cross volunteers are evacuating immobile patients from Donetsk hospitals to medical trains operated by Doctors without Borders. The trains take patients to safer regions of Ukraine.

The battles are draining weapons stockpiles on both sides. NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg warned earlier this week that Ukraine is using up ammunition far faster than its allies can provide it.

The UK Ministry of Defence said on Wednesday that Russia's military industrial output “is becoming a critical weakness”.

American defence officials insist Iran is helping the Kremlin sustain bombardments in Ukraine by supplying it with attack drones.

Kyiv's continued defence of Bakhmut, a mining town that for months has been a key target of Russia's campaign in the east, has been “strategically sound” because it sapped Moscow's momentum, a US think tank said.

Kyiv's defence has “degraded significant Russian forces”, including units from the Wagner Group, a Russian private military contractor, the Institute for the Study of War said late on Tuesday.

Some analysts had doubted the wisdom of Ukraine holding out in Bakhmut because it could hurt the chances of its expected spring offensive.

Meanwhile, support among the American public for providing Ukraine weaponry and direct economic assistance has waned, according to a new poll from The Associated Press-NORC Centre for Public Affairs Research.

Forty-eight percent of those interviewed said they favour the US providing weapons to Ukraine. In May last year, 60 per cent of US adults said they were in favour of sending Ukraine weapons.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov on Wednesday claimed that Western support for Kyiv's war effort was prearranged, telling the lower house of Russian parliament that “the US and its satellites are waging a comprehensive hybrid war following years of preparation”.

Lavrov said a revised Russian foreign policy doctrine to be published soon will emphasize the need to “end the Western monopoly on shaping frameworks of international life”.

The war has caused widespread suffering, and the global economy is still feeling the consequences. Emerging economies, especially, have felt the crunch.

The UN's humanitarian aid and refugee agencies said on Wednesday they are seeking USD 5.6 billion to help millions of people in Ukraine and countries that have taken in fleeing Ukrainians. That includes USD 1.7 billion to help some 4.2 million refugees who have fled to 10 host countries in eastern and central Europe.

The joint appeal is one of the largest of its kind for a single country, after those for Yemen and Afghanistan. Such UN appeals rarely get fully funded.?

(With AP inputs)